Compound fertilizer is not the sooner the better.
Compound fertilizers are granulated from nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and mineral powder.Nitrogen fertilizer and potash fertilizer are easily soluble in water, while phosphate fertilizer and mineral powder are insoluble or slow to dissolve.
If the phosphorus content of compound fertilizer is high, it will dissolve slowly.Nitrate nitrogen, ammonium chloride or ammonium sulfide content of high, fast dissolution;The quality of mineral powder is good and the dosage is small, also dissolves quickly, but the fertilizer intensity is low, the powder is many.Visible, fertilizer dissolves fast the need that is ingredient of the recipe in production, do not show the actor and actress of the product and true and false.
[how to use fertilizers with different solubility]
1. Compound fertilizer is slow in dissolution and long in effect, so it should be base fertilizer:
A large number of experiments showed that both binary and ternary compound fertilizers had better base application.This is because the compound fertilizer contains nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the crops are especially sensitive to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the early stage, requiring nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to be applied as base fertilizer in the early stage.
Compound fertilizer should not be used in seedling stage and middle and late stage to prevent greediness.Compound fertilizer dissolves slowly. For the crops with compound fertilizer as base fertilizer when sowing, it should be timely supplemented with quick-acting water-soluble fertilizer to meet the nutritional needs of crops according to the fertilizer requirements of different crops.
Compound fertilizers vary greatly in concentration, so attention should be paid to selecting the appropriate concentration: at present, most compound fertilizers are distributed according to the average nutrient status of soil types and the proportion of fertilizer required by crops in a certain region.There are high, medium and low concentration series of compound fertilizers on the market. Generally, the total nutrients in low concentration are between 25% and 30%, the medium concentration is between 30% and 40%, and the high concentration is above 40%.
Economical and efficient compound fertilizer should be used according to different regions, soils and crops.Generally, high concentration compound fertilizer is used for economic crops with excellent quality, less residue and high utilization rate.Compound fertilizer is of high concentration. Avoid direct contact between seeds and fertilizer.The nutrient content of compound fertilizer is high. If it comes into direct contact with seed or seedling root system, it will affect seedling emergence and even burn seedling and rotten root.When sowing, the seed should be mixed with acupuncture point apply, strip apply compound fertilizer apart 5-10 centimeters.
Different proportions of compound fertilizer raw materials, should pay attention to the use of nutrients: different brands, different concentrations of compound fertilizer used by different raw materials, production should be based on the type of soil and crop types to choose the use.
Compound fertilizers containing nitrates should not be used in leafy vegetables and paddy fields.Compound fertilizers containing ammonium ions should not be applied on saline-alkali land.Compound fertilizer containing potassium chloride or chloride ion should not be used on crops or saline-alkali land.Compound fertilizer containing potassium sulfate should not be applied in paddy fields and acid soil.
Otherwise, it will reduce fertility and even poison crops.Compound fertilizer containing two or more than a large number of elements, n table with volatile loss or drained away with the rain, phosphorus and potassium fixed by soil, especially the mobility of phosphorus in the soil is small, not easy to be absorbed by crops root in surface, is unfavorable to deep root system, drought conditions in the fertilizer can't dissolve in exploiting the worse, so compound fertilizer should be deep overburden soil.
2. Water-soluble fertilizer dissolves quickly and has moderate effect. Top dressing is recommended:
Topdressing is the addition of fertilizer to crop growth.The main purpose of topdressing is to supply a large amount of nutrients for a certain period of time or to supplement the deficiency of base fertilizer.The application of topdressing is characterized by its flexibility. It should be symptomatic and topdressing according to the deficiency of elements in different periods of crop growth.Production is usually combined with base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and top fertilizer, generally based on top fertilizer as a supplement.
Usually, top fertilizer is quick and effective water soluble fertilizer with fast solubility, such as water soluble fertilizer for soil conditioning;Water-soluble fertilizer for rooting and promoting flower bud;Products that promote the growth of fruits and roots can regulate the soil, improve the soil consolidation caused by the use of chemical fertilizers, improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, and enhance the ability of soil to retain water, fertilizer and fertilizer.It is the best fertilizer for economic crops to adjust soil, root, color and sweeten.
When the soil moisture is too high, should not use the water soluble fertilizer directly into the soil topdressing method, at this time can use leaf spraying set nutrition.Foliar topdressing can be combined with spray.This method USES less fertilizer, has a quick effect, and can avoid the fertilizer being fixed by the soil.
3. The solubility of selected fertilizers varies with soil texture
Sandy sex soil: the ground is thin yield is low, easy leakage leakage fertilizer, apply dissolve fast fertilizer, but each time dosage is little, frequency wants much, namely "eat much food less".Viscous soil: high yield of soil fertilizer, good water and fertilizer retention, suitable for the dissolution of relatively slow fertilizer, but each dosage can be more, the number of times can be less, that is, "eat more meals."
[what other factors affect the exertion of fertility?]
During the growth cycle of the plant, the root of the plant is absorbing water and nutrients all the time, so after fertilization, the plant can immediately absorb nutrients. Of course, the amount and degree of absorption are greatly related to the environment, and also to the degree of water solubility of the fertilizer.
For example, nitrogen and potassium are easily absorbed, crystalline forms are more easily absorbed into plants than powders, and less easily absorbed phosphorus, calcium and boron ions need to be converted into a form that can be used.
Farmer friend says again: wrong ah, a lot of teachers say phosphate fertilizer is not mobile inside soil.Well, because previous fertilizer varieties were granular based, the range of rapid phosphorus movement was relatively small.But now a lot of fertilizer water solubility is very high, the technology has been innovative.
So, if you use a water soluble fertilizer, on the day of fertilization, the right conditions can enter the plant.Therefore, whether the applied nutrients can be absorbed and utilized by plants depends on soil nutrient concentration, soil moisture content, temperature, fertilizer type, fertilizer solubility and other factors.
Soil nutrient transport was carried out in three forms: interception, mass flow and diffusion.
From the perspective of soil nutrient concentration and soil water content, the number of nutrients contacted by roots was more and the interception was more when the concentration was high.The concentration gradient is large, the nutrient diffuses to the root surface is many;High water content, fast water flow, high concentration, large amount of nutrients in unit volume, and large amount of nutrients carried by the mass flow are some factors that affect the speed of nutrient absorption by plants.
In addition, there are the following factors affecting fertilizer absorption:
1, the excess of a certain nutrient element affects the play of the fertilizer effect: the lack of certain elements in plants will produce physiological obstacles, affecting the normal growth, but if one element is excessive, it will also affect the absorption of other elements, will also make the growth of plants blocked.
2. PH affects the effect of fertilizer: when the PH value ranges from 5.5 to 6.5, the effect of fertilizer is the best, and nutrients such as iron, copper, manganese and zinc are the most effective when the PH value is below 6.
3. Different growth periods affect the effect of fertilizer: nitrogen and phosphorus are the main nutrients in the growth period, and balanced fertilizers of nitrogen and phosphorus and trace elements can be applied;Organic nutrition, phosphorus and potassium micronutrients were dominant in flower bud differentiation and flowering.
4. Different physiological characteristics of plants affect the effect of fertilizer: for example, there are great differences in the fertilizer requirements of roots and tubers, continuous flowering and bearing plants, and stems and leaves.
5. Different media affect the play of fertilizer efficiency: soil cultivation and soilless cultivation, fertilizer formula is different.
6. Different water quality and water temperature affect the performance of fertilizer: acid fertilizer should be applied in hard water area or water quality should be softened; calcium and magnesium fertilizer should be added regularly in soft water area.Winter recommended fertilization had better not water temperature below 18 ℃.
7. Fertilization time affects the performance of fertilizer: the best time for fertilization is around 10 o 'clock in the morning and 4 o 'clock in the afternoon. Avoid fertilization under strong sunlight at noon and on rainy and snowy days.
8. Fertilizer types affect the play of fertilizer efficiency: different crops and different growth periods use different types of fertilizer, compound fertilizer and water-soluble fertilizer together, root application and foliar spraying together, and targeted fertilization can reduce the cost and improve the fertilizer efficiency.
9, the proportion of fertilizer content imbalance affects the performance of fertilizer: scientific fertilization is to make each element before the mutual promotion of absorption, to avoid antagonism.
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