What problem does cucumber topdressing need to notice?

Cucumber is a daily edible summer vegetables, for the planting of cucumber friends, fertilization is a key link, the cucumber topdressing need to pay attention to what problems?The following to introduce the cucumber fertilizer technology.

cucumber

Transplanting to sitting before melon should see seedling topdressing, and control the amount, it is appropriate to use "thin fertilizer frequently, a small amount of food" topdressing method, if the topdressing is too much and too concentrated, easy to cause plant growth, affect reproductive growth, and even cause flower, melon.Can apply slightly commonly dilute fecal water or fluid of biochemical organic fertilizer can.

Cucumber is a kind of vegetable with a shallow root system and a large amount of fertilizer. In the production process, in addition to applying sufficient organic fertilizer, a large amount of chemical fertilizer should also be applied, and the top dressing should be increased from the young fruit stage to the harvest stage to promote the growth and development of the fruit and the demand for nutrients in the growing stage.In the growing period of root melon, quick effect fertilizer 2?For 3 times, 30% human excrement and urine leaching liquid can be selected to ensure that the plant does not lose fertilizer.In order to meet the needs of plant growth in the middle and late stage of growth, it is necessary to avoid defattening in the late stage, which may cause premature aging of the plant or the appearance of malformed melon.Human manure or potassium sulfate compound fertilizer was applied once every 10 days.

Cucumber fertilizer

Cucumber not only absorbs nutrients from the soil by the roots, but also can absorb mineral nutrients from the leaf surface to promote the development of fruit expansion.4 times foliar fertilizer, available biochemical organic liquid fertilizer 300?500 times liquid, also can choose chelate state multivariate compound microfertilizer 500 times liquid, or supplement boron, zinc, iron and other microfertilizers, in order to improve the quality of cucumber, enhance the resistance of plants, prevent premature aging.

Top dressing of cucumber should not be applied in wet soil, which is likely to cause differentiation of female flowers and malformation of melon, resulting in physiological diseases such as deciduous leaves, falling flowers and mellifluous melon. Applying fertilizer at high temperature will lead to high water evaporation of plant leaves, which will affect the effect of fertilizer.In addition, fertilization time in the morning or evening is appropriate.

Above is the introduction of some cucumber fertilizer technology, planting cucumber friends, can refer to the above fertilizer technology, combined with the actual planting conditions, reasonable fertilizer.

How is the grapefruit tree fertilized?

Grapefruit is a sweet and sour delicious fruit, not only rich in nutrition, but also medicinal value, loved by everyone.When planting pomelo tree, we need to pay attention to the fertilization of pomelo tree is not the same as other plants, can be from small to large one kind of fertilizer or with the same way of fertilization, specific pomelo tree is how to apply fertilizer?

How does pomelo tree young tree apply fertilizer

The root system of seedling without fruit has shallow distribution and weak ability of absorbing fertilizer.Fertilize once a month from march to July and November.Among them, spring shoot fertilizer in March, summer shoot fertilizer in May and winter fertilizer in November are indispensable.

Young trees are mainly organic nitrogen fertilizer, such as human excrement and urine, rotten manure, cake fertilizer, combined with the right amount of urea fertilizer.

How does the pomelo tree fertilize its adult tree

Adult fruit trees were mainly fertilized to achieve high quality, high yield and stable yield, and to regulate the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth.Fertilizer should be applied at least 3 times a year.Germination accelerating fertilizer: 10-15 days before germination in early march, the fertilizer was mainly applied with fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer and appropriate amount of phosphate and potassium fertilizer to promote the extraction of spring shoots with large quantity and good quality.This fertilization relates to the current and next year's yield, must be timely, early and adequate.

Techniques for fertilizing pomelo trees

The amount of fertilizer application accounts for about 30% of the whole year, and the general plants are applied with about 0.50-0.75kg urea and 0.25kg superphosphate.Zhuangguo fertilizer: from June to August, zhuangguo fertilizer was applied during fruit expansion, with nitrogen as the main fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium as the auxiliary fertilizer.Fertilizer amount accounts for about 30% of the year, the specific should be the number of hanging fruit to decide.Hanging fruit much, large amount of fertilizer, can be in June, August two times, the general plant urea, compound fertilizer 0.5kg or 0.75kg urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride 0.25kg each.Hanging fruit less discretion or not strong fruit fertilizer, in case of fierce autumn shoot.

Fruit-picking fertilizer: applied in early November, the application amount accounts for about 40% of the whole year.The growth of pomelo fruit consumes a lot of nutrients, which needs to be supplemented in time to restore the tree potential, improve the ability to withstand cold and overwinter, and promote flower bud differentiation, laying a foundation for the growth and results in the next year.Fruit fertilizer should be combined with quick - acting fertilizer, organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer.General plant application urea, compound fertilizer 0.5kg each, cake fertilizer 5kg, soil fertilizer such as waste 100kg.In addition, can also be combined with the right amount of spray urea, phosphate dioxy potassium for root topdressing, timely supplement tree for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium needs.

Application of trace elements in soybean production

At the time of sowing, 0.5-1kg zinc sulfate was applied per mu or 0.2-0.3% zinc sulfate solution was sprayed on the leaves at the seedling stage and the early flowering stage.

The effective boron content in soil was less than 0.5 mg/l, and the boron application effect was significant.0.1% boric acid or borax can be used for external spraying.

Molybdenum fertilizer can be mixed as seed fertilizer or deep application outside the root.1. Seed dressing: 1 ~ 2 grams of ammonium molybdate per kilogram of seeds are put into a porcelain basin and dissolved with water. The amount of water can be used to wet the seeds without remaining fertilizer.2. External fertilization: apply 0.05% ~ 0.1% ammonium molybdate, 50 kg solution per mu, and spray the fertilizer from seedling stage to before flowering.3. Seed fertilizer: 10 grams of ammonium molybdate per mu, dissolved in water, mixed with potassium phosphate or farm manure, and applied in furrow or hole.

Symptoms of bacterial blight

Damping off in seedling, the middle and late major hazard seedling stem base or underground roots, oval or irregular dark brown disease spot at first, early disease seedling wilting during the day, night recovery, disease gradually sag, excessive shrinkage, some gradients are dark brown, when the disease spot expanding around the stem dry death finally, but no lodging, strain only light brown depression disease spot and not die, seedbed of the disease when humidity is big department is not very obvious hazel spider filamentous fungi.

Spring pesticide is hit so, top twice, spend less money!

Two, when the drug

6, master the method of medicine

To the disease insect that likes to harm in some place of the plant, hit this place emphatically when medicating (wait on leaf back, fruit, flower, stem base).

7, grasp the distance and speed

For example, the head of the knapsack electric sprayer should be about 30-50 cm away from the target;The motorized sprayer remained at about 1 meter.The person walks slowly when dozen medicine liquid is easy to connect piece, walk fast some parts can not hit medicine, want to hold the speed that walks so, find the speed that suits oneself.

8. Adjust the size of medicine drops

According to the performance of the sprayer and its nozzle, the suitable size of fog drops can be adjusted.Smoke machine can be used to control diseases and tiny pests such as aphids and whiteflies in greenhouse vegetables.Open ground vegetable when pest of disease and insect control, be about to choose to spurt mist drop bigger sprayer.

Iii. Matters needing attention

9. Do not use single pesticides

Some farmer friend USES pesticide to often be put in the problem of "overtopping, overtopping".For instance tomato produced late blight to gush pulik or armour frost spirit, produced early blight to gush mancozeb zinc or alum that kill poison, produced bacterial sex disease to gush copper preparation to wait, the result is to treat a kind of disease to go up again on a kind of disease, press gourd gourd gourd gourd rises again, treat to treat did not cure.

The reason is that single drug use is not conducive to the comprehensive control of a variety of diseases.The use of scientific and reasonable pesticide mix can expand the scope of use or simultaneously treat several kinds of harmful organisms, and can even increase the efficacy and reduce drug resistance, harm and other side effects of pesticides, both efficient and time saving.

Copper can be mixed with many fungicides and insecticides.Spraying the mixture of 30% suspension 600-fold liquid and 70% methyl sulforaphane 800-fold liquid to prevent and cure vegetable diseases such as brown spot disease, bacterial leaf blight disease, anthrax disease, bacterial keratosis, etc. The "jiarinong" (king copper of spring mine) mixed with cycomycin can prevent and cure tomato bacterial disease and fungal disease.

10. The concentration of pesticide containing azole should not be too high

Contain the bactericide of zole kind very much, the specification of these bactericide says effect of disease of powdery mildew of control and prevention, leaf mould, rust how how good, did not explain dosage overmuch side effect however.Therefore, when using this kind of pesticide, it must be used strictly in accordance with the specified quantity, or the concentration will be too high, which will make the top leaves of the plant become smaller, thicker and shrivel, and the most obvious is that the internodes become shorter. For example, special attention should be paid to the use of cucumber and zucchini.

11, spraying pesticides to add foliar fertilizer must be careful

Because the composition of foliar face fertilizer is more complex, except a large number of elements and phosphodihydrogen potassium, majority is the mixture of big, medium, microelement, a few foliar face fertilizer still have hormone and assistant agent.The metallic ion that contains is in the majority with potassium, zinc, manganese, copper.Such a large amount of metallic elements will react with alkaline pesticides, antibiotic pesticides or low-quality pesticides, resulting in different degrees of turbidity precipitation and stratification.Once the mixture is sprayed on the crops, it can lead to drug failure in the mild cases, vegetable growth point atrophy in the severe cases, or symptoms similar to hormone overdose, and sometimes crop poisoning.

Therefore, we should get rid of the erroneous zone of adding leaf fertilizer at will.In fact, some fungicides also have the function of foliar fertilizer.For example, the copper ions contained in pyrimethyl pesticides and copper preparations are beneficial to the growth of crops, and the symptoms of copper deficiency are prevented by spraying.Suitable for the application of appropriate amount of mancozeb on crops, crops generally do not lack of manganese, zinc elements.

12. Do not apply polytropazole to soil

Because the residual effect of polytropazole is long and not easy to decompose, it will directly affect the growth of next vegetable.Taking eggplant as an example, rooting in the soil containing pleiotropazole will directly affect the extension and downfixation of root system of eggplant, resulting in shallow roots and weak plants.In general, the root development of eggplant is a critical period after colonization, when the extended root system will become the backbone of the later root system.However, the application of polyprazole inhibited the elongation and expansion of the root system, and the distribution range of the root system in the early stage was small, which was not conducive to the development of the root system in the later stage. Therefore, it was inevitable that the empty plant in the early stage had a good effect and the plant could not grow in the later stage.

The correct method should be the foliar spraying effect is better, higher safety, and in the season after harvest uprooted, the effect of polytropazole is not easy to produce stubble vegetables.Additional, although appear because of foliaceous face gush is applied much effect is azole harm, still can use gibberellin medicaments fluid to alleviate, and soil is applied much effect is azole remedy very hard.

13. Abamectin should not be washed

Abamectin is a highly effective, low toxic, safe and broad spectrum insecticide, which has strong repellent effect on most nematodes, ectoparasites and other arthropods.Some vegetable farmers in the prevention and treatment of root knot nematode disease, the agent with water, the results of natural control purposes.We say that abamectin needs to be applied at 1,500 to 2,500 times to be effective.

That is to say, each side of water needs to add about 1 jin of avermectin to go with the water, and each mu of land is generally a watering amount of about 15-20 square meters, so that one mu of land needs about 20 jin of avermectin to play a role, such a large amount is impossible to achieve.Should adopt the way of individual plant irrigation root, had better cooperate the bactericidal agent such as evil mildew spirit, bactericidal pure.

14. Do not spray the leaves to prevent root diseases

Phytophthora root rot of tomato and pepper, for example, is a typical root oomycete disease.

In fact, phytophthora root rot control agents are fungicides, and the fungicides are endogenous and protective.In plants, endogenous fungicides are transported and conducted from the bottom up, that is, from the root of the plant to the top of the plant, to the parietal leaf, the parietal bud, the leaf category and the leaf margin.

However, the spray on the leaf surface only stays on the leaf, cannot reach the root of the plant, and will not affect the root disease.Non-endogenous fungicides do not enter the plant body, can not be transported to the surrounding conduction, not to root disease prevention.Therefore, in order to solve the root disease also depends on root irrigation and other ways, directly to the role of agents on the disease site, to receive good control effect.

15, do not indiscriminate use of rooting agent

As the saying goes, the root is the basis of vegetable growth, deep roots to leafy.Although many vegetable farmers know this, they ignore the balance between root and leaf, regard rooting agent as a panacea, and misapply rooting agent.The results were as follows: slow seedling growth, rooting agent irrigation;Control root diseases, reduce dead plants also irrigation rooting agent;Seedling leaves thick green, thick stem, growth too slow also irrigation rooting agent;Rooting agent is used whenever abnormal growth of vegetables is found.

We say that the effect of rooting agent is to promote the growth of root system and adjust the proportion of root and leaf when the root is weak and leafy.Therefore, when rooting agent is used, it should be when the leaves are better and the root system is weaker, and the water and fertilizer absorbed by the root system cannot meet the needs of the leaves, such as when the root system is injured due to winter watering, or when the proportion between the root system and the leaves is out of balance due to the plants growing in winter.

Spring pesticide is hit so, top twice, spend less money!

One, before the injection

1. Reduce disease and insect sources

Clear ill leaf, ill branch, ill fruit even ill plant (the infection source of most disease), take out field outside burning processing, dozen medicine effect nature is met a few better.

2, choose a good time

(1) according to the temperature change

Whether plants, insects or bacteria, they all have one suitable temperature, about 20-30 ℃, 25 ℃ is best, spray insecticide at this moment, not only the crops are safe and in active disease cordyceps can have effect.

In hot weather, the medicine should be given before 10am and after 4pm.In cold weather, shots should be given after 10 a.m. and before 2 p.m.In the greenhouses in winter and spring, it is better to take medicine in the morning of sunny and warm weather.

(2) according to the change of humidity

Liquid medicine from the deposition of pests and diseases to the spread of uniform film will be affected by many aspects, the air humidity has a great impact.

When the air humidity is too high, the deposited liquid medicine will become larger droplets. Under the influence of gravity, it will deposit to the lower part of the plant, thus causing harm to the plant.If the air humidity is too small, the medicine liquid is easy to evaporate, resulting in less drugs that can be exposed to the target, thus reducing the efficacy. In serious cases, there will be cauterizing drug damage spots.

Therefore, the medicating environment should be kept ventilated.Open ground vegetable, can trim some of plant leaf and branch appropriately, maintain the ventilated and ventilated of the field.Greenhouse vegetables, if the morning drug, then choose in the open shed after a period of time, if the afternoon drug, then choose in the wind before half an hour or an hour before the drug.

(3) according to the characteristics of pests and diseases to determine

For mealworm control (fly away as soon as you touch it), administer mealworm in the morning when the dew is not dry;Control the flower thistle, in the morning when the flowers of the drug;Control leaf thistle, in the evening or evening medicine.

If prevent and cure disease, before before rain after rain, before watering, before overcast day, come on first stage when waiting to have dozen medicine (because a lot of disease basically rely on running water, wind and rain to spread, do not hit medicine right now, ill more too late).

3. Choose the right pesticide

If the disease prevention, first of all to the right medicine, know what disease should use what medicine, not indiscriminate use of drugs, identify the difference between the use of fungal diseases and bacterial diseases;Next should rotate medicaments, do not use the medicaments of same composition blindly.

If the insect control, first of all to the insect medicine, both insecticide, eggs, larvae or nymphs, so as to reduce the source of insects;Secondly, the medicine should be rotated to prevent the increase of the resistance of pests and reduce the efficacy.

4. Dilute the pesticide appropriately

Use the drug according to the instructions to dilute the use, depending on the severity of disease and insect can be appropriately increased, but do not recommend to double the use.If you don't think it's going to work, you can rotate between different pesticides that work, and you can optimize your equipment or your technique.

(2) according to the change of humidity

Liquid medicine from the deposition of pests and diseases to the spread of uniform film will be affected by many aspects, the air humidity has a great impact.5. Pesticide mixture should be reasonable

At the initial stage of the disease, an endogenous therapeutic fungicide is used.When insecticidal, can choose the insecticide that has the effect that kill egg and kill adult to mix wait.Note: avoid mixing of the same composition of drugs, copper preparation and alkaline pesticides, etc., to prevent harm.

When the air humidity is too high, the deposited liquid medicine will become larger droplets. Under the influence of gravity, it will deposit to the lower part of the plant, thus causing harm to the plant.If the air humidity is too small, the medicine liquid is easy to evaporate, resulting in less drugs that can be exposed to the target, thus reducing the efficacy. In serious cases, there will be cauterizing drug damage spots.

Therefore, the medicating environment should be kept ventilated.Open ground vegetable, can trim some of plant leaf and branch appropriately, maintain the ventilated and ventilated of the field.Greenhouse vegetables, if the morning drug, then choose in the open shed after a period of time, if the afternoon drug, then choose in the wind before half an hour or an hour before the drug.

(3) according to the characteristics of pests and diseases to determine

For mealworm control (fly away as soon as you touch it), administer mealworm in the morning when the dew is not dry;Control the flower thistle, in the morning when the flowers of the drug;Control leaf thistle, in the evening or evening medicine.

If prevent and cure disease, before before rain after rain, before watering, before overcast day, come on first stage when waiting to have dozen medicine (because a lot of disease basically rely on running water, wind and rain to spread, do not hit medicine right now, ill more too late).

3. Choose the right pesticide

If the disease prevention, first of all to the right medicine, know what disease should use what medicine, not indiscriminate use of drugs, identify the difference between the use of fungal diseases and bacterial diseases;Next should rotate medicaments, do not use the medicaments of same composition blindly.

If the insect control, first of all to the insect medicine, both insecticide, eggs, larvae or nymphs, so as to reduce the source of insects;Secondly, the medicine should be rotated to prevent the increase of the resistance of pests and reduce the efficacy.

4. Dilute the pesticide appropriately

Use the drug according to the instructions to dilute the use, depending on the severity of disease and insect can be appropriately increased, but do not recommend to double the use.If you don't think it's going to work, you can rotate between different pesticides that work, and you can optimize your equipment or your technique.

Kiwi spring management skills!

Spring is the key period of kiwifruit management, good kiwifruit spring management can lay a good foundation for the management of the whole year.So, how should spring kiwi management proceed?

First, prevent early spring frost damage

In the past two years, the kiwifruit producing areas in shaanxi province suffered from frequent spring frost injury, which caused heavy losses to fruit farmers.Early spring to pay more attention to weather changes, to do a good job in time to prevent.

Main measures: orchard irrigation before spring cold, fumigation, placement of smoke generator, spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the tree body (nutrilite phosphorus and potassium), seaweed extract (kuaibao), etc.If the freezing injury has occurred, hold on to the leaf surface and spray kuaibao seaweed fertilizer within 12 hours after the occurrence of freezing injury to alleviate.

Second, tendril

Binding vine mainly begins at the beginning of the injury flow period after the branch softening to bud before.

Specific method: select the main vine, along the central wire binding.Then, after 3 or 4 buds were cut, the branches were daubed with the buds to promote the germination of the upper winter buds.Pull the remaining branches and tendrils evenly to the frame surface, and even them vertically with the main tendrils.Once the buds are present, remove all buds that have sprouted new shoots on the main vine.Weak tip top growth point daub draw branch treasure, promote flourishing branch.Other branches and tendrils bear fruit before thinning or retraction.Before flowering in April, pull the drooping fruit-bearing branches forward to the wire in time.

Iii. Disease prevention and control

canker

Topical application: before the flow-injury period, apply the medicine to the main stem (including all branches and tendril such as grafting mouth), main tendril, all bifurcation mouths, and the base of the resultant parent branch for 15cm, and choose thiamethoxone plaster, copper sulfate plaster, medium mycetin plaster, etc.

Prevention and treatment before germination: serious garden, about 20 days before germination 1 spray sulfur mixture;Organic copper products can be sprayed 7 to 10 days before germination for the prevention and treatment of mild cases.

Remove the diseased twigs: from the injury and flow period, carefully inspect the whole garden every 4 to 6 days, and cut off the twigs under the spot with 20cm under the spot.Thick branches should be scraped to remove bacteria, pus and diseased skin, and then taken out of the orchard and burned.

Root rot

Kiwifruit is a shallow root crops, the ability to retain water and fertilizer is relatively weak, the tree is prone to premature aging, so we need to do a good job in root care.In the garden with root rot disease, the root system can be removed from the end of February or early march and distributed with a layer of soil. If the root is not exposed, the root can be irrigate with oxemilin or copper preparation. After irrigating, the straw can be covered and the soil can not be covered.

Four, seed fertilizer

Germination fertilizer can promote axillary bud germination and branch and leaf growth.

Fertilizer selection: 32-6-12+TE produced by Shanghai yongtong or 20-20-20+TE to be used for drip irrigation to promote root growth in axillary bud germination.

Fertilization time: the first bud at the top of the main branch bloomed, the second bud began to expand, or the germination rate of the whole tree reached 10% was the best.

Spring pruning

Heart pick: hayward, garden, China superior varieties, now bud, timely on the strong prosperous fruit branch in the most bud before, leave mature leaves to pick heart, in order to prevent wind break branch loss yield.Pick heart can be carried out in batches, first pick strong prosperous back branch, then pick long prosperous other branches.

Rescissor: cut off the overgrown branch outside the second iron wire.

Sprouting: after germination, except for the red sun and green incense varieties, other varieties can be sprouted to eliminate the weak bud tips on the parent branch, the bud tips damaged by diseases and insects, and the lower bud tips on the back, so as to reduce invalid consumption.

Buds: all lateral buds are removed before flowering.Red Yang bearing on mother branch, every other fruiting branch, sparing all buds on another fruiting branch.