Due to its early maturity, high price and good market prospect, large cherry has attracted many fruit farmers to plant. However, due to the influence of factors such as immature technology, unreasonable technology application and disastrous climate, the phenomenon of full tree flowers, half tree fruit or sitting fruit often occurs.Small make up for the current large cherry fruit rate is low, put forward the corresponding solutions, for your reference:
The main reason that big cherry set fruit low
1. Improper pollination varieties or unreasonable proportion allocation
Most varieties of large cherries usually have low self - setting rate or self - flowering.If the varieties are single, the pollination between varieties is not compatible, the proportion of pollination varieties is small, and the distance between the main varieties and pollination varieties is too far, the normal pollination and fertilization will be affected, resulting in a decline in fruit setting rate.
2, the tree itself poor nutritional conditions, weak tree
The storage nutrition of the tree itself was insufficient, and the growth potential was weak.The flower buds were thin and poor in quality, and the number of long branches and buds on the periphery accounted for more than 80%.Fruiting branch is much, nutrition branch is little, blossom is much, sit fruit is little, fall flower fall fruit is serious.
3. Improper application of cultivation and management measures
Clip does not reach the position to pull a branch only in clip, grow blindly put not to cut, cause branch is not divided, between branch and branch advocate order is not clear.Leaves the flower quantity to be overmuch, the weak branch is many, causes the fruit and fruit quality to be poor.Short cut is overmuch, overweight, tree potential is inchoate and feeble, set fruit difference.
4. Improper management of fertilizer and water cherries are very sensitive to water demand, and they are neither resistant to drought nor waterlogging.In the flowering stage, the soil is excessively dry, the orchard has low humidity, and the stigma is easy to dry out, resulting in incomplete pistil development, and the pollen grains cannot enter the pollen tube and complete the normal pollination and fertilization.Young fruit stage drought, between the leaves and young fruit for water, young fruit easy to yellow off.The soil is barren, especially under the condition of poor nitrogen nutrition, the result is too much, the load is too large, will lead to the fruit.
5. Poor climatic conditions and low temperature at flowering stage are extremely important factors affecting the fruiting of large cherries.Cherry blooming, early flowering if meet below 0 ℃ low temperature, column head cold black and loss of life force, not [BF] can accept normal pollen pollination fertilization.
In addition, severe weather, such as strong wind, sandstorm and continuous rain, damaged stigma, restricted insect activities, was not conducive to pollination and pollen germination, and affected pollination and fertilization and fruit development.
6, flowering insect pests big cherry bud, blossom early, at this time when a variety of pests began to activities, especially the beetle species just unearthed, not only harm the cherry tender tips, buds, but also harm the bud, when serious can the whole branch of the flower all eat up, affect the yield of the year, resulting in reduced production.
The counter measure that big cherry sits fruit low
1. Improve the ability of pollination and fertilization during flowering
It is better to plant more than 3 varieties with a proportion of pollination varieties no less than 20%.The varieties with high pollination affinity, large amount of pollen, basically consistent flowering, strong adaptability and excellent quality were selected as pollination trees.When planting, the main varieties and pollination varieties were interspersed with planting, and 2 lines of main varieties were interspersed with 1 line of pollination varieties or planting pollination trees in proportion in each line.
2. In the garden, bees put cherries bloom earlier, and wallbees begin to move when the spring temperature starts to rise, with strong adaptability.One week before flowering, hives were placed in orchards, with 80 to 100 heads per 667m2 (mu) garden.
3. Large amount of artificially pollinated cherry pollen can be used to roll back and forth on flowers of different varieties with a feather duster in the blooming period for 3-5d (days), which can enhance pollination efficiency and improve fruit setting rate.
4, prevent orchard frost
Cherry flowering period in late march to early April, low temperature resistance is poor, vulnerable to early spring low temperature late frost.To delay bud and blossom time, can use the method of early spring irrigation to reduce ground temperature, avoid the harm of late frost as far as possible.When the garden was built, the plot with a high and flat topography and a lee to the sun was selected.Pay attention to the weather forecast. Before the frost comes, spray water on the trees to raise the temperature in the garden.Generally, frost occurs at night, in the cherry orchard between the lines set a few more burning point, so that the whole smoke in the garden diffuse, increase the temperature in the orchard.
5. Application of kuaibao
Spraying 500-800 times liquid of kuaibao in the growing period can not only improve the fruit setting rate, but also promote the fruit coloring and improve the fruit quality.Spray twice 500-800 times kuaibao during flowering and after falling flower, which can also significantly improve fruit setting rate.
6. The nutrient regulation of tree body strengthens the management of fertilizer and water before and after flowering, the critical period of water demand is from the time of flower fading to the time before fruit ripening, and irrigation of water once before flowering can improve the soil moisture in the orchard and promote fruit setting.Spraying 0.3% urea +0.3% borax + a small amount of white granulated sugar in the flowering stage can improve fruit setting and fruit quality.Scientific pruning, fruit and flower thinning, reasonable load, enhance the tree potential, and leave more strong branches.
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