In the management of apple, hawthorn, walnut, cherry, chestnut and other fruit trees, we often see fruit farmers before and after the budding of fruit trees, with a knife or saw in the upper or lower part of the bud cut a knife.Have a plenty of engrave "one" glyph, have a plenty of engrave "roof ridge form", engrave "one" glyph more see a few.
Previously, we have talked about the topic of ring stripping, which is to use a sharp knife ring on the branches of fruit trees to cut a week to peel.In fact, the purpose of cutting the bark around the buds of the fruit trees is basically similar to the purpose of ring stripping, which is to draw more branches, more good branches, more fruit and more good fruit.Therefore, some fruit farmers know that ring peeling, cutting or bud cutting can improve the fruit hanging quantity and fruit quality. Without a thorough grasp of the technology, they will randomly cut the fruit, and finally the problem of "cutting the bud may not produce fruit" appears.
Therefore, the bud must be careful, why should be careful?Some farmers, without the help of technicians, had no idea which buds to cut better or which buds to cut better.Finally, it backfired, not only the engraved bud does not blossom and bear fruit, but also grow a lot of branches.Therefore, the topsy-turvy carving, the fruit tree will take out a tree of topsy-turvy, impermeable long branches, not only affect the growth of the tree potential and light, empty consumption of nutrients, and for pruning plastic trouble, but delayed the fruit period.
Therefore, by adopting the method of bud carving, the following objectives can be achieved:
A to promote early hanging fruit trees.After the fruit tree is planted, when it grows to a certain extent, some branches need to be pruned off to reshape the fruit tree.And if it is through the way of bud cutting, you can make full use of the branches to be cut off, in the case of no need to re-cut to extend the head, to promote the bud directional branch, accelerate the formation of the backbone of the branch culture, increase the number of branches, growth of branch age, early fruit.Therefore, cutting a bud every 3 ~ 5 buds on the central trunk of a newly planted fruit tree where the main branch or main branch needs to be sprouting can cut out the fixed stem and achieve the purpose of hanging fruit early.
B. Adjust the balance of the fruit tree.It is to cut the plump buds in the direction of the missing branches of the tree trunk, making the branches become medium and long branches, occupying space and balancing the structure of the tree.In this way, there is no need to adjust the partial crown and imbalance of young trees through plastic pruning, so as to achieve rapid balance of the tree body.
C balanced growth of fruit tree branches.Under normal circumstances, the new shoot in the fruit tree at the top of the birth of the cut can intercept moisture and nutrients, so that the growth of branches to enhance, and in the new shoot below the cut will make the branches grow weak.Therefore, if according to the growth of the branches of the fruit tree, the top or the bottom of the growing part of the new shoot of the fruit tree is cut, the balanced development of the main branch and the main branch, the upper part and the lower part, the back and back and other branches can be adjusted.
D to promote the extraction of short and medium fruit branches.The main purpose is to transform the long branches of the fruit trees into short and medium branches to achieve the purpose of premature delivery.That is, before the budding of the fruit tree, in the middle of the strong and prosperous long branches on both sides, back at intervals of 1-2 bud cut, to promote its pumping out short branches.However, it is not allowed to engrave a bud within 20 cm of the base of a long branch, as it is close to the main branch and has a small space.And the place above 20 centimeters of apical place of strong flourishing long branch need not engrave bud, because apical dominant position is strong.
E to overcome the phenomenon of bare legs in fruit trees.If the fruit tree has bare legs, it can find suitable buds (including hidden buds and weak buds) in bare belt and cut them with a knife, which can promote their germination and extraction.
In a word, the effect of cutting buds is obvious in fruit trees, but it is difficult to master the technology of cutting buds.Because in the process of budding, it is necessary to be familiar with the purpose, time, distance, quantity, weight and so on of budding, and then deal with them flexibly according to different fruit trees and different purposes. There is no ready-made model.Those who can master the technology of bud carving are experienced drivers. If it is really necessary to adopt the technology of bud carving to balance the tree, experienced drivers are needed to give guidance.
It is really difficult to master the method of cutting buds and branches, and it is very troublesome. Therefore, some people have developed some methods that can replace the method of cutting buds, such as coating method and acupuncture method.The application of medicine is to apply a specific ointment to the eye of the bud, and the acupuncture method is to insert the needle of sewing clothes into the middle of the eye of the bud where it is about to germinate, which can relieve the dormancy of the eye of the bud and promote its germination.Both methods are fast and effective.
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